Constant temperature forging, also known as isothermal forging, is a die forging process in which the die is heated to the forging temperature of the metal.
Under constant temperature conditions, metal materials can maintain good plasticity, so that it is easier to achieve the forging of complex shapes, reducing the risk of cracking in the forging process.
Because the temperature remains constant, the deformation resistance of the metal is significantly reduced. This means that smaller tonnage forging equipment can be used to complete the same forging task, reducing equipment investment and energy consumption costs.
The constant temperature makes the metal flow more uniform during deformation and reduces the size deviation due to temperature differences. The dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of forgings can be better controlled, so as to reduce the amount of subsequent mechanical processing and improve production efficiency.
Stable temperature helps to obtain uniform and fine microstructure, thus improving the mechanical properties of forgings, such as strength, toughness and fatigue life.
In the process of constant temperature forging, relatively low and stable temperature can effectively reduce the oxidation and decarbonization of metal surface, and improve the surface quality and material utilization rate of forgings.
Due to the improved accuracy of forgings and the uniformity of deformation, it is able to use raw materials more effectively, reduce the generation of scrap, and reduce production costs.
Select suitable raw materials, such as various metal alloys, and inspect and pre-treat them, including removing surface oxide scale, impurities, etc., to ensure the quality and purity of materials.
Use professional heating equipment, such as induction heating furnace or resistance heating furnace, to heat the die and blank to a predetermined constant forging temperature.
Check, clean and preheat the forging die to ensure the normal operation and good service life of the die in the forging process.
The heated blank is quickly put into the preheated die, and then pressure is applied for forging. In the forging process, the size, speed and duration of pressure should be controlled to ensure that the metal material is evenly deformed according to the shape of the die.
For some complex shapes or large forgings, it may be necessary to carry out several forging steps, which may include reheating, local dressing and other treatments.
After forging, according to the requirements of materials and products, choose the appropriate cooling method, such as air cooling, oil cooling or water cooling.
These include the removal of flying edges and burrs, heat treatment (such as annealing, quenching, etc.) to improve microstructure and properties, and machining to achieve final size and accuracy requirements.
Comprehensive quality inspection of forged parts, including size measurement, appearance inspection, non-destructive testing (such as ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, etc.) and mechanical performance testing, to ensure that the product meets the design and use requirements.
High strength and durability
Excellent fatigue performance
Complex shape manufacturing capability
Material diversity
